Residents were invited to attend as spectators to watch from the stands built around the city square. The ancient Greeks, in fact, dedicated themselves to sferomachia, using a ball to 'fight'. Il calcio fiorentino è un gioco a squadre che ricorda molto il rugby chiamato anche calcio in livrea.. Il calcio storico fiorentino nasce a Firenze nel 16° secolo, un gioco tradizionale che ad oggi appare come una … The Costume football in Florence match recalls this demonstration of freedom and independence that was declared thanks to the game in Piazza Santa Croce. In antiquity, numerous cultures developed sports that use spherical bodies of varying sizes. Once widely played, the sport is thought to have started in the Piazza Santa Croce in Florence. The whole perimeter of the bottom side is surrounded by a network in which the ball must end every time. It is an early form of football which was developed in 16th century Italy. Calcio Fiorentino Football is a common sight in Italy, but in Florence, during the third week in June, the sport takes on a unique and spectacular form. Calcio was reserved for rich aristocrats who played every night between Epiphany and Lent. They discovered this 'sport' in the campaigns of conquest and spread it throughout the empire as a training phase necessary for gladiators and legionnaires. A white line divides the field into two identical squares, and a goal net runs the width of each end. For decades, this violent match has resulted in severe injuries, including death. [1] Even popes, such as Clement VII, Leo XI and Urban VIII, played the sport in Vatican City. - Legal Head Office: Santa Croce 439, 30135 Venice, Italy - VAT No. Florence began to be the scene of numerous clashes between the people, often divided into teams, and headed by the most illustrious personalities of the Florentine families. As in Anglo-Saxon countries, football has always been an area of freedom in which social distinctions could be temporarily demolished and where personal values were often defended. !,there's more chance of meeting the Pope!.Box office is useless when trying to purchase online,basically you CANT!...We tried everything,trolling around bars,asking shop owners,tour guides,police even got a guy that was organising the setting up of the stands … There are only two female Calcio Stoico Fiorentino teams for now, a group belongs to the red part and the other to the white part of the Calcio Storico Fiorentino. More recently, in the 20th century the Calcio Fiorentino game was played on 4th May 1930 with the purpose of remembering the siege of Florence more than four hundred years before. It was widely played by amateurs in streets and squares using handmade balls of cloth or animal skin. Each team has 27 players and no substitutions are allowed for injured or expelled players. Originally the calcio (which is also the name for modern day football/ soccer in Italy) was played for rich The Calcio Storico – historic soccer – was a popular sport in Renaissance Florence. The players are divided into four goalkeepers, three fullbacks, five midfielders and fifteen attackers which shows where modern football comes from! Conversely, he/she must be able to consider the other players giving them the same respect as for one selves, looking for a balance between the competitive aspect of the game and a respectful behaviour. Renaissance-costumed savagery is played out among Florence’s four historic neighbourhoods over a series of early summer matches, culminating in a final game on June 24, feast day of Florence’s patron saint John the Baptist. Calcio Storico is an annual event that takes place every June in Florence, Italy. However, this has been reduced to a free dinner for the winning team; the players earn no other compensation. The trophy to be won consists of a Chianina pure breed calf! The rules of giuoco del calcio fiorentino were formally established in 1580 by an eminent Count named Giovanni de’Bardi, a patron of the arts and music and friend of the powerful Medici family in Florence. During the 18th century, however, the historical Florentine soccer stopped being an institutionalized event and resumed its spontaneous form and as a popular game played in the neighbourhoods of the city. [8], Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "A Point of View: Sporting spectacle on the piazza", "The Mirror and the Light, by Hilary Mantel, review: a little baggy, but still brilliant", Calcio Storico: Everything You Need to Know, History of Soccer from ExpertFootball.com, Video: Calcio Storico Fiorentino Mini-Documentary, Video: GEO Reportage "Florenz, Fussball bis aufs Blut", Photo gallery: parade and match on 24 June 2008, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calcio_Fiorentino&oldid=1000694283, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Articles needing additional references from March 2017, All articles needing additional references, Self-contradictory articles from March 2017, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2017, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 16 January 2021, at 07:13. In fact, as detailed before, the event in 1530 during the siege of the Emperor Charles V in Florence left an indelible mark on the tradition, with the memory of the stubbornness of the Florentines against the oppressor. [7], Episode 1 of the 2020 Netflix series Home Game is dedicated to Calcio Storico, featuring behind-the-scenes player vignettes contemporary to the 2019 Reds-versus-Whites final match. [4] Today, three matches are played each year in Piazza Santa Croce in Florence in the 3rd week of June. The first traces of this pastime exist in the Homeric poems. The basics of Calcio Storico Fiorentino: Each team consists of 27 players; The game is played out in 50 minutes. The basic principles of this Regulation are Virtue, Honour, Respect, Courage, Loyalty, Truth, Trust, Clemency and Consideration. In addition to the character of challenge, which is still the soul of the most popular and practiced sports throughout the world, it is to be noted that these times also allowed a reversal of roles. Matches last 50 minutes and are played on a field covered in sand, twice as long as it is wide (approximately 100 m × 50 m or 109 by 55 yards). If the attacker shoots over the goal bar, the opposite team gain an half point (“mezza-caccia”). Originating from the ancient harpastum, a ball game played in the Roman Empire, Calcio Storico was played in teams of 27, more than double compared to modern-day soccer.At the time, teams featured members of aristocratic families. Games run continuously for 50 minutes, with no breaks and no substitutions. There it became known as the giuoco del calcio fiorentino ("Florentine kick game") or simply calcio; which is now also the name for association football in the Italian language. This is pretty much where the rules end. In addition to providing historical information, the episode depicts interviews with players from both teams. Calcio storico allows the use of a wide range of strikes against opponents. Any violation leads to being expelled from the game. from Monday to Friday 9.00 am - 6.00 pm CET Players try in every way and with all their might to seize the ball and bring it to the end of the opponent field to score a caccia (goal) in the net! The period designated for the games was generally that of Carnival; the famous game on 17th February 1530 in particular went down in history, when Florence was besieged by the army of Charles V. The Florentines, despite the seriousness of the situation, started nonetheless the Calcio Florentino game in Piazza Santa Croce! Many argue that the Calcio Florentino game in Florence is how the modern game arose, but as you will see, the Florentine football rules and the attitude are very different! All the districts of the Calcio Storico Fiorentino participate in the parade although the final only includes two teams. The game ends after 50 minutes and the team which scored the most cacce wins. It’s been called the most brutal sport on Earth, but it’s also a tradition that characterises Florence more than any other. Calcio Fiorentino (also known as Calcio Storico) is a sport that recalls a game called harpastum in Latin is an early form of soccer (football and rugby) that originated in 16th century Italy. A variation of Calcio Fiorentino was most likely played in the 15th century as well, as a match was organized on the Arno river in 1490, notable as a day so cold the waters were completely frozen. The teams of 27 players each fight for a victory using both hands and feet for passing and controlling the ball. HOW LONG DOES THE FLORENCE HISTORIC FOOTBALL MATCH LAST Each match lasts fifty minutes and the team to reach the highest number of hunts (points) at the end of the game wins. The occupation of public spaces by young people was regulated, later, to avoid disturbances and problems in the organization of the city; in this way the squares became the officially designated places to play football. di VE n° 354694 The Calcio Storico Fiorentino players could, therefore, take revenge on those nobles who lived the game as an aesthetic moment in which to show off their precious clothes thereby losing the recreational and authentic aspect from which this street sport was born. The game begins with the first roll of the ball in the middle of the field performed by pallaio and then with the sound of colubrine (small cannons), the great Florence historic football challenge begins. For each marked point the teams change sides. Among the important Calcio Fiorentino rules it is interesting that the Costume football in Florence features a Moral Code of Footballer, which recalls the codes of chivalry of the Middle Ages. A precursor to games such as Soccer and Rugby, it is a sporting event like no other. Along with the Palio[clarification needed], the winning team used to receive a Chianina, a type of pure-bred cow. It is important to shoot with precision, because every time a player throws or kicks the ball above the net, the opposing team is awarded with a half caccia. The rules of the Calcio Storico Fiorentino. Teams may have any number of players, but their combined weight can be no more than 2,000 lb [910 kg]!"[6]. Calcio Storico Fiorentino, la disciplina que dio pie al deporte más famoso del mundo.. Existen muchas teorías acerca del origen del fútbol, algunos dicen que se creó en Inglaterra o en Irlanda pero que se perfeccionó en Holanda, hay los que dicen que nació en Escocia y hasta los mismos Galeses defienden sus argumentos manifestando que fueron ellos mismos. Often in dramatic moments, the inhabitants of a city gather in a common area and find the strength to carry on through the lightness of a temporary enjoyment, or a game. However, due to often fatal injuries, sucker punches and kicks to the head are currently banned. The basic principles of this Regulation are Virtue, Honour, Respect, Courage, Loyalty, Truth, Trust, Clemency and Consideration . The games could get violent as teams vied to score goals. The players can use every part of their body in the game. Since then, the Calcio Storico Fiorentino has kept the form of a historical event amongst the most important ones of the city and region. Il calcio fiorentino considerato anche il padre del gioco del calcio è una disciplina sportiva che riecheggia un gioco latino definito harpastum. The teams are made up of 4 Datori indietro (goalkeepers), 3 Datori innanzi (fullbacks), 5 Sconciatori (halfbacks), 15 Innanzi or Corridori (forwards). Punches, kicks, head butts and wrestling are … Consiste in un gioco a squadre che si effettua con un pallone [2] gonfio d'aria [3] e da molti è considerato come il padre del gioco del calcio , anche se almeno nei fondamentali ricorda molto più il rugby . The Calcio Fiorentino is an early form of football, originating in the 1500’s, which is still played today in Florence, Italy. Calcio fiorentino (also known as calcio storico "historic football") is an early form of football (soccer and rugby) that originated in 16th-century Italy. Players can use both their hands and feet to play. Duration: approx. Despite the criticism, what looked like an absurd and unthinkable initiative has turned into a reality full of enthusiasm. Training takes place on sandy soil and, despite some differences, it still requires great physical effort and, given the nature of the game, preparation for various mishaps! The teams change sides with every caccia or goal scored. It is clear that the day of the game had a strong political significance, which was reiterated in the social roles between the noble players. Shots from a small cannon or Colubrine announces the beginning of the event. The tournament brings together four teams that represent the four historic districts of Florence, each defined by a particular colour, namely green, red, white, and blue. Matches last 50 minutesand are played on a field that is covered in sand and twice as long as it is wide (approximately 80 x 40 meters ). (titled "Pervapalooza"), the demon Orcus references Calcio Storico while trapped inside Blue Scaramucci's body. Among the important Calcio Fiorentino rules it is interesting that the Costume football in Florence features a Moral Code of Footballer, which recalls the codes of chivalry of the Middle Ages. There are four teams which represent the historic districts of the city: the Whites of Santo Spirito, the Azzurri of Santa Croce, the Reds of Santa Maria Novella and the Greens of St Giovanni. Throwing of punches, elbows, and headbutts are all legal according to official rules, as is choking an opponent. Once there are enough incapacitated players, the other teammates come and swoop up the ball and head to the goal. It is worth noting that in the historic Calcio Fiorentino fights and violence is not a rare thing! The Captain and Standard Bearer's tent sits at the center of the goal net. THE COMMEMORATION TO THE PRESENT When is the Calcio Storico in Florence? It's not every day that there is the opportunity to admire the Ponte Vecchio illuminated by thousands of lights and colours! Calcio storico allows the use of a wide range of strikes against opponents. You just have to watch a Florence historical soccer game to understand the reason for such enthusiasm by the Florentines and the value of this event! Just spent a very very frustrating weekend in Florence trying to see the Calcio.Do not waste your time trying to get tickets!! +39 041 8877441 The referee and the six linesmen officiate the match in collaboration with the Judge Commissioner, who remains off the field. The last of these has, perhaps, a less direct and known significance than the others: Consideration is to be understood as a 'reputation' or self-esteem. The citizens of the aristocratic families, in fact, organized the games in the most important parts of Florence and added that a procession in honour of the race. After dinner, at about 10pm, you will enjoy the spectacle of fireworks in honour of St John Baptist. The modern version of Calcio has not changed much from its historical roots, which allow tactics such as head-butting, punching, elbowing, and choking. The king is recorded as saying: "Too small to be a real war and too cruel to be a game". Its combative style requires a unique type of athleticism from its players. In Episode 4: Judgement Day of the tv series, Medici: Masters of Florence, the main characters engage in a game of Calcio Fiorentino in the main square of Florence during a flashback sequence. Dating back to the 15th century, this early form of the game is brutal. The C… The rectangle field is twice as long as its width (100x50), covered with sand and a white line dividing the field into two equal parts. Location: Florence, Duration: 5 hours and 30 minutes Each year in the Piazza Santa Croce, the four 'quartieres' of the city play a series of football matches using the original rules, as developed in Florence during the 15th century. Location: Florence. CITY TRADITION AND VALUES OF THE GAME The costumes you see worn by various characters (about 530) during the procession of the Calcio Storico Fiorentino are from the 16th century and this represents a precise choice. Calcio Storico is an ancient form of football played each year in Florence, Italy, where teams of 27 try to get the ball to the opponents' goal 'by any means necessary'. Calcio Storico Fiorentino originated in 16th century Florence and was invented by rich aristocrats. Calcio Storico Fiorentino: The historic Italian sport that combines football and rugby with wrestling. At toscanainside.com we recommend you watch one of the Calcio Storico Fiorentino matches and live this historical event as a pleasant interlude to your holiday and as an opportunity to rethink what sport means, going beyond just a simple race! The Calcio Storico Fiorentino is one of the most enjoyable events that take place in Tuscany. A team from each quartiere of the city is represented: After playing each other in two opening games, the two overall winners go into the yearly final on June 24, the feast of San Giovanni (St. John), the Patron Saint of Florence. Besides the players, other key figures are the referee, the six linesmen and the Commissioner Referee who remains outside the field. From these different disciplines the one that most distinguishes the Calcio Storico Florentino is, as the name already indicates, football. The aim of the game is to score more points (called “cacce“) than the opposing team. The game starts when the Pallaio[clarification needed] throws and kicks the ball toward the center line, then at the first whistle as the ball first rests on field, 15 forwards or Corridori begin fighting in a wild mixed martial arts match- punching, kicking, tripping, hacking, tackling, and wrestling with each other in an effort designed to tire opponents' defenses, but which often descends into an all-out brawl. It is not that difficult ... At this point, we try to figure out how this event is played and above all .... what are the Calcio Storico teams? A goal is called a caccia and it’s scored by throwing the ball over the designated spot at the end of the field. In 1574 Henry III of France attended a game of "bridge fighting" – put on in his honor during a visit to Venice. The official rules of calcio were written for the first time in 1580 by Giovanni de Bardi, a count from Florence. The field is som… The month of June is a particularly interesting time to visit the city of Florence and watch the traditional football in Florence in Costume which ends on 24th June with the festival of the patron Saint John. Discover with us how the Florence, Italy historical football started, how it has changed over time and which are the Calcio Storico Fiorentino teams! Matches last 50 minutes and are played on a field covered in sand, twice as long as it is wide (approximately 100 m × 50 m or 109 by 55 yards). Il calcio storico fiorentino, conosciuto anche col nome di calcio in livrea o calcio in costume, è una disciplina sportiva che riecheggia un gioco che in latino era chiamato harpastum. The key figure in the historical soccer in Florence in Costume is the Master of Field: it is his responsibility to maintain discipline during accidents and fights that represent moments when the game is stopped. Football in livery was a display of elegance and rituals that had little to do with spontaneous appointments among young people of the neighbourhoods purely seeking fun and entertainment. Recently, there has also been a Calcio Storico Fiorentino female team! The fascist ruler Alessandro Pavolini, at the height of the propaganda, decided to organize an official tournament between the main districts of the city and set up a costume parade. Also later the Romans, imitating the Greeks, began to train with the game called harpastum (taken from the Greek term, indicating the action of 'pulling strongly'). Calcio Storico Fiorentino is a combination of rugby, football and rough-and-tumble. Calcio fiorentino is a true contact sport. The game may have started as a revival of the Roman sport of harpastum. Interest in Calcio waned in the early 17th century. This is because just about any type of contact is legal, from punches to … The Calcio Storico Fiorentino is a combination of soccer, rugby and big time wrestling originated in 16th century Florence and played today in historical costume. Before concentrating on Florence, it is useful to consider how the Calcio Florentine game, with the use of a spherical form object, came about. During the 1500s, the game became notorious beyond Italy for its violent nature. The first was written by the noble Giovanni de’ Bardi in the late 16th century: each team must have twenty-players, both hands and feet can be used, the game is played by kicking the ball in a chosen place within the field. A white line divides the field into two identical squares, and a goal net runs the width of each end. During the 1500s, the game became notorious beyond Italy for its violent nature. Are you now interested? There are 27 players per team for the historic Florentine football and no substitutions during the game can be made. On this day, as well as watching the final of the Florentine Football match when the two remaining Calcio Storico Fiorentino teams amongst the historical districts in Florence challenge each other, the city will be revealed to you in another amazing way. excluded Saturday, Sunday and holiday days, © Insidecom s.r.l. They try to pin and force into submission as many players possible. As an outsider to the of the Italian city of Florence it is hard to make sense of the violence, dirt and hype that surrounds the sport known as Calcio Storico (translated to “historic football“), but every year locals come in droves to watch the annual Fight Club Firenze. In the sixth episode from the second season of Syfy Channel's HAPPY! Calcio storico fiorentino is definitely a violent spectacle but this does not mean that everything goes. [2], A version of rules for the game were first recorded by Giovanni de’ Bardi in the late 16th century.[3]. Today, the historic Florentine soccer may seem at times violent, but it is nothing compared to the style of the ancient Latins! The balls were often handmade with the outside made of leather and the interior filled with rags or sometimes with animal bladders filled with air. The role of these outside people is also vital to manage and calm people and the conflicts that are formed between players of opposing teams! ORIGINS The Calcio Fiorentino history is an ancient game: since the 15th century an activity that combined today's sports such as football, rugby and, if desired, also wrestling was practiced in Florence! The game was played on a sand court twice as long as its width, typically around 260 ft. x 130 ft. Operating Offices: Every year, the month of June has been chosen to celebrate the Calcio Fiorentino history. Viale Ancona 24, 30172 Venice Mestre, Italy Like rugby, the Calcio Storio rules meant that the body had to defend the ball from opponents and clashes could be very hard. Calcio Storico is football like you’ve never seen before! A white line divides the field into two identical squares, and a goal net runs the width of each end. The official rules, which were published in 1580, are simple - … How to Play. Calcio Fiorentino / Calico Storico Calcio fiorentino, also known as calico storico which means historic football, and giuoco del calcio fiorentino (Florentine kick game). The small range of treatises on calcio fiorentino from the 15th to 18th centuries have allowed for a fairly complete recreation of the rules. The teams are made up of four Datori indietro (goalkeepers), 3 Datori innanzi (fullbacks), 5 Sconciatori (halfbacks), and 15 Innanzi o Corridori (forwards). The official rules of calcio storico were written in 1580 by Giovanni de Bardi, a count from Florence. There are four teams representing the four historical neighborhoods that compete against each other to reach the finals. The fact that the game is also known as giuoco del calcio fiorentino or "Florentine kicking game" gives viewers some idea of what to expect from the violent brawl/ball game. [1] It is also prohibited for more than one player to attack an opponent. The playing field is set up in Piazza Santa Croce (as was the case for the traditional Florentine football game since the 15th century) the same dusty ground of the Renaissance is recreated, surrounded by grandstands for spectators, the only modern elements of the re-enactment! Best described as a sporting event with deep roots and historical significance, this event is a combination of soccer, rugby, and wrestling all while played in traditional costume and is considered one of the craziest festivals in Italy. Usually the show starts around four o'clock, an hour before the actual start of the match. The noble character gave rise to the term of Football in Livery, referring to the livery and elegant clothes worn by the soccer players. During the early decades, in order to encourage wagering and achieve a bettable winner, there were times when bulls would be ushered into the ring in hopes of adding confusion and inciting victory. Each team is led by the strategies and the external looks of the Captain and the Forerunner, who follow the game from their tent. The players must be conscious of their role and worthy of enjoying the esteem of others. The four teams of the historical neighborhoods of the city play against each other, first in two semi-finals and then the final match to determine the winner. The game was originally played by rich … Each team has 27 players, and no substitutions are allowed for injured or expelled players. To determine which team plays in the semi-finals against another there is a draw on Easter Sunday with the coloured balls. - Authorized Tour Operator: license no. 2 hours and 30 minutes 0397834027 - R.E.A. From this moment on, the players try by any means necessary to get the ball into the opponents' goal, also called caccia. [citation needed], On another famous occasion, the city of Florence held a match on February 17, 1530, in defiance of the imperial troops sent by Charles V, as the city was under siege. If a player leaves the field, he may not be replaced. The game rules are simple: two teams occupy halves of the sandy arena. For 50 minutes, 27 players from each of the two teams take to the sandy field to attempt to drive a ball to their opponent’s end of the field. Over the centuries, there have been numerous sources that testify to the presence of the Calcio Storico Fiorentino as early as the 15th century. Could there be anything better for somebody from Tuscany? The game has a long and fabled history that has been preserved and is still celebrated every year. The difference with the Greek game consisted in the high level of competition among the participants, a feature that was already part of the Roman soldiers’ characters! The two teams were comprised of 27 players each, and the goal of each team was to pass the ball over the opponent’s back barrier, … During the fifty minutes you have to determine who has achieved the highest number of hunts, becoming the undisputed winner of Costume football in Florence for that year. Location: Florence, Duration: 9 hours and 30 minutes Throwing of punches, elbows, and headbutts are all legal according to official rules, as is choking an opponent. 2052/2012, Transport from/to Santa Maria Novella Train Station. Although the start date can vary, the final is set for 24th June on the festival of St John. The referee, above everyone else, is the Master of the Field, and is responsible for making sure the game runs smoothly, stepping into the field only to maintain discipline and reestablish order when fights occur. The goals are placed along the shorter sides of the pitch. However, in 1930 it was reorganized as a game in Kingdom of Italy,[1] under Benito Mussolini. Throughout the Medici age, what had been a popular pastime was reorganized and became a discipline practiced by the noble classes. San Marco 4538, 30124 Venice, Italy, Tel. Since 2011, some organizers of the event have decided to also allow young female players to join this old sporting tradition of Florence. They do not actively participate in the game, but can organize their teams and occasionally act as caccas (referees), mainly to calm down their players or to stop fights. This sport is super violent, really intense and a bit confusing to watch but obviously really exciting. 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