PLAY. To be more specific, stippling occurs at sites of fusion of the epithelial ridges (also known as rete pegs) and … The degree of keratinization and the prominence of stippling appear to be connected. Loss of gingival stippling, one of the early symptoms of periodontal disease in the human, could also indicate early periodontitis in the dog. The tissue is roughly four to five millimeters wide, depending on location, and tightly affixed to the underlying periosteum of alveolar bone. Stippling only presents itself on the attached gingiva that is connected to underlying alveolar bone. The Gingiva is divided anatomically into marginal, attached, and Interdental areas. The gums or gingiva, consist of the mucosal tissue which lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth. We want you to feel comfortable in the dental chair, and to feel confident in our services. Marin Contemporary Perio & Implant Concepts, Stippling is seen at the sites of fusion of the epithelial ridges or Rete Pegs. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. • Inter-dental papilla fills the space between the teeth. Stratum Basale of Junctional Epithelium Constantly undergoes cell division, mitosis, and coronal migration as cells die and shed into gingival sulcus. It's your freakin gums! Gingiva. The study concerns clinical, scanning electron and light microscopic examination of the gingiva Histology of 48 dogs. gingiva 1. Achieving predictable gingival stippling in labial flanges of gingival veneers and complete dentures J Prosthet Dent . Healthy gingiva has a firm texture that is resistant to movement, and the surface texture often exhibits surface stippling. As a Harvard University and Columbia University trained periodontist in Marin County, CA, Dr. Michael Seda offers a wide range of periodontal and dental implant services to Marin County and San Francisco, CA. Done by.. Rana AL-shdifat . It’s divided anatomically to free, attached, and interdental gingiva. Stippling is present to varying degrees and when dry, the tissue is immobile, firm, and dull. In severe cases the buccal and vestibular mu­ cosa was edematous and hyperemic. J Periodontol. Changes in color, particularly increased redness, together with swelling and an increased tendency to bleed, suggest an inflammation that is possibly due to the accumulation of bacterial plaque. The gingiva is firm in consistency and firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone. The gingiva is the anatomical term for gums. Stippling is restricted to the attached gingiva, i. Stippling used to be thought to indicate health, but it has since been shown that smooth gingiva is not an stipplinb of disease, unless it is smooth due to a loss of previously existing stippling. GINGIVAL STIPPLING PDF - sign of gingival disease. Corrected by.. A.Al-Dabaibeh . They consist of mucosal tissue that covers the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible and finish at the neck of each tooth. Level. the free and attached gingiva. They surround the teeth and provide a seal around them. Diagnosis of periodontal disease, a frequent disorder in dogs, rests mainly upon the assessment of changes affecting the gingiva. 1967 Nov-Dec;38(6):473-80. • Masticatory mucosa is bound to bone and does not stretch. undefined, object copy deck What is the col region? It bears forces generated when food is chewed. Learn. 2007 Feb;97(2):118. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.09.015. Description. Reaction to disturbance. The presence of stippling characterizes the healthy gingiva in adults, often described as having an orange peel-like appearance. Basophilic stippling is considered a pathognomonic finding in lead poisoning in conjunction with hypochromic microcytic anemia (although normocytic anemia can be appreciated as well) and deposition of lead in the gingiva and joints. However, it has since been proven that smooth gingiva does not always indicate the presence of disease, unless it is smooth as a result of a loss of previously existing stippling. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, London, New York, … The surface of gingiva is keratinised and may exhibit an orange peel appearance, called ‘stippling’. It does not present itself on the freely moveable alveolar mucosa. A clinical investigation of the relationship between stippling and surface keratinization of the attached gingiva. Gingival stippling is a characteristic of the healthy attached gingiva and its diminution or loss has been considered as a sign of gingival disease. For detailed study of the relation- thinning of the epithelium and decreasing keratinisation, are also ship between age and quantitative changes in the gingiva, more described stipoling cause loss of gingival stippling … GINGIVA 2. Clinical Features of Normal (Healthy) Gingiva Colour: pink (physiologic/ racial pigmentation) Contour: scalloped outline Margins: thin, knife-edge Surface texture: stippled Consistency: resilient Pointed interdental papillae Probing depth: 0-3 mm No BOP Coral Pink Gingiva Pigmentation Stippling of the Attached Gingiva epithelium. The attached gingiva at the level of molar teeth blocked with 0. 2. Stippling is restricted to the attached gingiva, i. X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata is a type of chondrodysplasia punctata that can involve the skin, hair, and cause short stature with skeletal abnormalities, cataracts, and deafness. Interdental gingiva. ** Healthy attached gingiva has heavy epithelial ridges, and the rete ridges will be deep, and the opposite side of it is a depressed area on the surface is called (gingival stippling). the granular appearance of the gingiva resembling irregularly distributed crater-like depressions of varying sizes, was present in adult but absent in young and senescent dogs. Create your own flash cards! Create. Supporting clinical history classically entails environmental or occupational exposure to lead. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. The gums are part of the soft tissue lining which is located inside the mouth. Gingival Tissues Histology Ch 10 . More specifically, stippling occurs at sites of fusion of the epithelial ridges, which is also known as rete pegs. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Structure. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Transcript: ORAL . Stippling is often observed in the attached gingiva as it is firmly attached to the underlying cementum and alveolar bone. Attached Gingiva - ortho or … Subject. In contrast, the marginal gingiva lacks the presence of stippling, and the tissue is mobile or free from the underlying tooth surface, as can be demonstrated with a periodontal probe. The attached gingiva is usually ‘stippled’, with small regularly spaced depressions on its surface, giving it an “orange peel appearance” 13, 14. and extends from the gingival . Chairman Periodontal Research, Mt. NJDS: Histology - Gingiva NJDS: Histology - Gingiva. Exam 4. STUDY. Definition. The attached gingiva is a masticatory mucosa (see Chapter 9).Healthy attached gingiva is pink in color, with some areas of melanin pigmentation possible (see Figures 2-10 and 9-22).The tissue when dried is dull, firm, and immobile, with varying amounts of stippling.The width of the attached gingiva varies according to its location. • Generalized absence of stippling is seen in: Infancy Diseased conditions like gingival enlargements, mucocutaneous lesions affecting gingiva, inflammation etc., 83. Basophilic stippling is one example of several clinically significant erythrocyte inclusions identified on peripheral blood … The aim of this study was to determine the presence of gingival stippling in dogs, its location on alveolar … Friday : 9am to 3pm, 711 D Street, Ste 107, San Rafael, CA 94901, Marin Contemporary Perio & Dental Implant Concepts : Michael Seda, DMD, MS © 2019 All Rights Reserved, Almonte Alto Baltimore Park Bel Marin Keys Belvedere Black Point Bolinas Cerro Corte Madera Dewitt El Campo Escalle Fairfax Forest Knolls Fort McDowell Gallinas Giant Green Brae Harbor Point Hilarita Ignacio Kent Woodlands Kentfield Lagunitas Larkspur Las Gallinas Los Ranchitos Lucas Valley Manor Manzanita Marin City Marinwood McNears Beach Meadowsweet Mill Valley Muir Beach Murray Park Nitro North Richmond Novato Paradise Cay Point Richmond Rafael Village Reed Rheem Ross Saint Vincent San Anselmo San Geronimo San Quentin San Rafael Santa Venetia Sausalito Sleepy Hollow Stinson Beach Strawberry Manor Tamalpais Valley Tamalpais Valley Junction Terra Linda Terra Lindo Tiburon Waldo Woodacre Woodville. gingiva [jin-ji´vah, jin´jĭ-vah] (pl. Normal variation in the appearance of the gingival tissues The tissue that resides in the interproximal … In contrast, the marginal gingiva lacks the presence of stippling, and the tissue is mobile or free from the underlying tooth surface, as can be demonstrated with a periodontal probe. STUDY. The attached gingiva is a masticatory mucosa (see Chapter 9).Healthy attached gingiva is pink in color, with some areas of melanin pigmentation possible (see Figures 2-10 and 9-22).The tissue when dried is dull, firm, and immobile, with varying amounts of stippling.The width of the attached gingiva varies according to its location. Alveolar Mucosa - non keratinised - has minor/ intrinsic salivary glands - has an elastic submucosa - mobile - no stippling - not on palatal surface of maxillary teeth. Stippling is present to varying degrees and when dry, the tissue is immobile, firm, and dull. Loss of gingival stippling, one of the early symptoms of periodontal disease in the human, could also indicate early periodontitis in the dog. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Components of th e periodontium (Garant 2003) a) Normal pigmentation b) Physiologic pigmentation Fig. The equine periodontium consists of the periodontal ligament, the dental cementum, the alveolar bone, and the gingiva (1 – 3). Position • The … It is considered as a sign of healthy gingiva but it must be remembered that the presence or absence of stippling alone cannot determine the gingival health 15. The marginal gingiva is stabilized … In the past, stippling was thought to indicate good oral health. Start Studying! Periodontology Anatomy - Gingiva. Click here to study/print these flashcards. We want you to fall in love with your smile again, so all our services are performed with the patient in mind. Stippling was most prominent at … The gingiva was slightly to moderately edematous, and this often intensified the stippling. Thieme Medical Publishers, … Anatomical relationship of normal gingiva in facial view (A) and in cross-section (B). Fig. Cards Return to Set Details. The presence, configuration, and size of gingival stippling varies by person according to their age, gender, and site of stippling. The word is derived from the Greek terms peri-, which means "around" and -odont, which means "tooth". The alveolar bone is almost completely surrounded by the subepithelial connective tissue of the gingiva. Histology health state of dogs examined for this study are shown in Table 1. Stippling is often lost as age progresses. Term. Member feedback about Dumbarton Oaks: Effectiveness of a dental gel to reduce plaque in beagle dogs. It corresponds to the fusion of the valleys created by the connective tissue papillae. The marginal gingiva has a more translucent appearance than the attached gingiva, yet has a similar clinical appearance, including pinkness, dullness, and firmness. Match. Terms. At Marin Contemporary Perio and Implant Concepts, we aim to provide cutting edge perio and implant solutions in a comfortable and relaxed environment, where patients feel we put them first. The intensity and amount of physiologic gingival pigmentation increase with age, which is attributable to the cumulative effects of inflammation and minor injury associated with aging. … Stippling of the Attached gingiva C. Interdental gingiva D. None of the above # With the increase in age, keratinization of the gingiva: A. increases B. decreases C. remains the same D. increases and then decreases # The color of gingiva is due to: A. Capillaries B. Thickness of epithelium C. Thickness of keratinization and pigmentation D. All of … We treat referred and non-referred patients in a peaceful, modern setting, and are committed to partnering with all of our patients throughout their treatment. Attached gingiva: Histology and . 1. Log in Sign up. Free gingiva surrounds the tooth and creates a collar around the crown. Healthy gingiva has an orange-peel like texture to it due to the stippling. The gums or gingiva (plural: gingivae), consist of the mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth. The specialty provides the support that is necessary to maintain functioning teeth. In an adult, the normal Gingiva covers the alveolar bone and tooth root to a level just coronal to the cementoenamel junction. It is the portion of the gingiva that extends from the attached gingiva on to the surface of the tooth. The practice consists of four main components which include the following: The tissues found in the periodontium combine together to form an active group of tissues. Periodontics is the dental specialty that specifically docuses on the care and maintenance of these specific tissues. Gingiva … ABOVE alveolar crest. Wednesday : 8am to 5pm Terms in this set (20) attached gingiva-tightly adheres to … Owings JR Jr. PMID: 5260095 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] MeSH Terms. 14. Gravity. The connective tissue is more loosely arranged and has more blood vessels. Unhealthy gingiva, on the other hand, is often swollen and less firm. Histopathology of spontaneous periodontitis in dogs. Unhealthy gingiva, on the other hand, is often swollen and less firm. Total Cards. Signs and symptoms of Desquamative Gingivitis: Stippling is typically seen in the attached gingiva as it is firmly attached to the underlying cementum and alveolar bone with the help of the collagen fibers of the connective tissue. Regions of oral mucosa surrounding & attached to teeth & alveolar bone. Healthy gingiva has a firm texture that is resistant to movement, and the surface texture often exhibits surface stippling. Hence, reduction stipplng loss of stippling may 2. Alveolar Mucosa - non keratinised - has minor/ intrinsic salivary glands - has an elastic submucosa - mobile - no stippling - not on palatal surface of maxillary teeth. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of gingival stippling in dogs, its location on alve- Keywords: A clinical investigation of the relationship between stippling and Journal of Small Animal Practice 37, — A list of specimens used for histology is given Prior to harvesting gingiva samples from selected sites, the oral sttippling Table 2. undefined, object copy deck What is the col region? Stippling is a form of adaptive reinforcement or specialization for function. A gingival sulcus was most often absent. Healthy gingiva has an orange-peel like texture to it due to the stippling. Additional Medical Flashcards . The features studied were surface stippling, presence of a gingival groove, papillary length and papillary area. The tongue was involved in all cases by the loss of the filiform Rosenberg HM, Massler M. PMID: 5234634 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] The degree of keratinization and the prominence of stippling appear to be related." Each type is specifically structured to function appropr… ... white, and blue can signify inflammation or pathology. The gingiva commonly has a textured surface which is referred to as being stippled or having engraved points. NJDS: Histology - Gingiva NJDS: Histology - Gingiva. Sign up here. The presence of stippling characterizes the healthy gingiva in adults, often described as having an orange peel-like appearance. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. The marginal gingiva has a more translucent appearance than the attached gingiva, yet has a similar clinical appearance, including pinkness, dullness, and firmness. Introduction. These are found in the oral cavity or mouth of a human being surrounding part of the teeth. Gingival stippling in young adult males. Attached gingiva may present with surface stippling. Log in Sign up. Periodontium Extracellular matrix Stippling, i.e. Sinai Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio The gums surround the base of the … Molecular children in England. Using stereo-images, topographical features within the maxillary papillary gingiva between the lateral and central incisors were investigated in 36 healthy young adults. -Sulcus epithelium is thinner and not keratinized. Monday : 8am to 5pm Search. Professional. Gum health and the presence of gum disease can have a negative impact on a patient’s overall health. Dental Histology Gingiva & Alveolar Bone. Unlike the soft tissue linings of the lips and cheeks, most of the … Stippling is often lost as age progresses. HISTOLOGY . When you come to Marin Contemporary Perio and Implant Concepts, you can expect a friendly and professional dental team. The width of attached gingiva can vary dramatically between patients and within an individual's mouth, from as little as 1 mm to over 10 mm. GINGIVA 2. The topography of papillary gingiva in health and early gingivitis. # Stippling is seen on: A. It corresponds to the fusion of the valleys created by the connective tissue papillae, Microscopic elevations and depressions are located on the surface of the gingival tissue as a result of the connective tissue projections within the tissue, The degree of keratinization and stippling are connected and dependent on one another. Loss of stippling is a common sign of gingival disease. Part of oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. In most adult patients above 50 years old, there is no stippling of gingiva. Healthy gums usually have no reaction to normal disturbance such as brushing or … The interdental gingiva occupies the gingival embrasure, which is the interproximal space beneath the area of tooth contact. HISTOLOGY OF GINGIVA 2. Cram.com makes it easy to get the grade you want! The gums are part of the soft tissue lining which is located inside the mouth. In addition to maintaining them within the maxillary and mandibular bones. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi... No public clipboards found for this slide, Student at faculty of dentistry cairo university. surgical augmentation. A Study of the Characteristics of Stippling and Its Relation to Gingival Health † Alan H. Greene D.D.S., M.S. Histology of Gingiva 1. In very severe cases the vestibular mucosa was eroded. Article Author: John Sanchez Article Editor: David Lynch Updated: 7/3/2020 11:57:35 AM For CME on this topic: Histology, Basophilic Stippling CME PubMed Link: Histology, Basophilic Stippling. Gingiva. The retrocuspid papilla is considered to be a “normal anatomic structure” and should not be mistaken for a fibroma. Periodontology Anatomy - Gingiva. erica_logsdon. The interdental gingiva can be pyramidal or have a "col" shape. Doctor.. Feras … Flashcards. thickness of the gingiva in the faciopalatal dimension and it is a genetically determined trait.18,19 In general, there are two variants of gingival biotype which are found to exist as follows: • Thick biotype (prevalence: 85%) • Thin biotype (prevalence: 15%). The retrocuspid papilla is a circumscribed nodule resembling a fibroma located on the gingiva lingual to the mandibular cuspid. gin´givae) (L.) the part of the oral mucosa covering the tooth-bearing border of the jaw; called also gum. The surface of unstippled healthy gin- and documented with a light microscope. The study concerns clinical, scanning electron and light microscopic examination of the gingiva Histology of 48 dogs. Dr. Seda will listen carefully to your dental goals and provide a custom treatment plan that works with your budget and needs. Thursday : 8am to 5pm The cementum, which overlays the tooth’s root, is attached to the adjacent cortical surface of the alveolar bone. • Stippling returns when gingiva is restored to health. Histology, Basophilic Stippling. both fre e and atta ched ging iva . Christopher L.B. The redness observed in the oral mucosa is darker because the epithelium of the alveolar mucosa is thinner and non-keratinized and contains no … Start studying Gingival Tissues Histology Ch 10. Tuesday : 8am to 5pm Attached Gingiva: Gingival tissue laying between the alveolar gingiva and the mobile gingiva. -Part of gingiva bordered coronally by the Free gingival Margin, apically by th Free Gingival Groove, along inner surface by Sulcular Epithelium and along outer surface by the oral cavity. The marginal gingiva … STUDY. 1. Member feedback about Stippling dentistry: Histology of gingiva and epithelial attachment. Created. The periodontium is the specialized tissues that provide two functions, surrounding and supporting the teeth. • In 40% of adults Gingiva show stippling. Gingiva is comprised of two different categories, free gingiva and attached gingiva. In a literary sense, periodontium translates to "around the tooth". It is common for stippling to be lost completely or at least reduced as a patient ages. Latest syllabus for UG students by the Dental Council of India, Customer Code: Creating a Company Customers Love, Be A Great Product Leader (Amplify, Oct 2019), Trillion Dollar Coach Book (Bill Campbell). This slide describes in detail about the histology and structure of gingiva. The normal gingival tissue in these dogs was characterized clinically by abscense of gingival fluid flow and by a minute amount of crevicular leukocytes. The width of attached gingiva can vary dramatically between patients and within an individual's mouth, from as little as 1 mm to over 10 mm. • Keratinisation – protective adaptation , increased by tooth brushing. Stippling is restricted to the attached gingiva, i.e. The clinician however, must take in consideration that its pattern and extent varies in different mouth areas, among persons and with age. Crossref Steven J. Huber, Arthur R. Vernino, Ram S. Nanda, Professional prophylaxis and its effect on the periodontium of full-banded orthodontic patients, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, … Attached gingiva is bound to the underlying alveolar bone and not the freely movable alveolar mucosa. No studies are conducted regarding the presence or absence of stippling in children as searched by EBSCO host. The connective tissue of the gingiva is covered by the various characteristic gingival epithelia. Spell. PLAY. Study Flashcards On NJDS: Histology - Gingiva at Cram.com. The attached gingiva extends from the free gingiva coronal all the way to the alveolar mucosa. The gingiva is typically coral pink in color, but may vary due to physiologic pigmentation among some races, whereas the alveolar mucosa is deep red in color (Fig2a/b). Scheduling an appointment for All-on-4 Dental Implants is the first step towards being confident in your smile once again. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The gums or gingiva, consist of the mucosal tissue which lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth. The prevalence of stippling … Gingiva: Definition. PLAY. Below is a list of the types of gingiva is and is not stippled. 11/29/2008. The region found in the interproximal areas of posterior teeth where the interdental papilla shows a central concavity between the facial and lingual papillary apices; characterized by a thin non-keratinized epithelium with inflammatory cells … In contrast, the marginal gingiva lacks the presence of stippling, and the tissue is mobile or free from the underlying tooth surface, as can be demonstrated with a periodontal probe. Created by. Stippling is a consequence of the microscopic elevations and depressions of the surface of the gingival tissue due to the connective tissue projections within the tissue. " The marginal gingiva has a more translucent appearance than the attached gingiva, yet has a similar clinical appearance, including pinkness, dullness, and firmness. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. To schedule an appointment, please contact us today at (415) 482-9901. From Darby and Walsh, 1994. alveolar gingiva attached gingiva. Pathological alterations often start with food impaction and widening of interdental spaces, … • The gingiva extends from the dentogingival junction to the alveolar mucosa. It is attached by the alveolar crest, horizontal and oblique fibers of the periodontal ligament. However, stippling is not always detected mented, bled on probing with probing depth of more than in healthy gingiva. Marginal gingiva B. Write. Term. Start Studying! -Consists of Masticatory Mucosa . Date post: 14-Mar-2019: Category: Documents: View: 213 times: Download: 0 times: Download for free Report this document. In most adult patients above 50 years old, there is no stippling of gingiva. gingiva 1. Lavelle, Gingiva and periodontal ligament, Applied Oral Physiology, 10.1016/B978-0-7236-0818-9.50014-5, (83-92), (1988). You can change your ad preferences anytime. Part of oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. Stippling occurs as a result of the microscopic elevations and depressions of the surface of the gingival tissue due to the connective tissue projections within the tissue. Medical. This article will highlight the two main types of gingiva, the histological composition of the gingiva and the main pathological transformation of the gingival … Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. • Healthy gingiva shows stippling, corresponding to epithelial ridges. Se-Lim Oh, DMD, MS. T he keratinized gingiva includes . The healthy gingiva is coral pink in color, smooth in the texture of exhibits surface stippling, scalloped around the teeth, and doesn’t get affected by brushing or any other actions like mastication. This entity is observed more frequently in young children and seems to regress with age. Test. A clinical investigation of the relationship between stippling and surface keratinization of the attached gingiva. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Terms. Gum health and disease can have an effect on general health. Regions of oral mucosa surrounding & attached to teeth & alveolar bone. Share this document with a friend . The surface of gingiva is keratinised and may exhibit an orange peel appearance, called ‘stippling’. Owings JR Jr. PMID: 5260095 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] MeSH Terms. Gum health and the presence of gum disease can have a negative impact on a patient’s overall health. fgg . The gums are part of the soft tissue lining of the mouth. Stippling is typically seen in the attached gingiva as it is firmly attached to the underlying cementum and alveolar bone with the help of the collagen fibers of the connective tissue. Gingival stippling similar to that described in the man (e.g., Orban, 1948, Greene, 1962, Lang and Löe, 1972, Owings, 1969, Rosenberg and Massler, 1967, Bimstein et al., 2003) could also be found in the dog, although it is not recognised by all authors (Hoffmann and Gaengler, 1996a, Hennet, 2002). ABOVE alveolar crest. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Superficial cells serve as part of EA of gingiva to tooth surface. The tissue is roughly four to five millimeters wide, depending on location, and tightly affixed to the underlying periosteum of alveolar bone. Although each type of Gingiva exhibits considerable variation in differentiation, histology, and thickness according to its functional demands. Attached Gingiva: Gingival tissue laying between the alveolar gingiva and the mobile gingiva. The gingiva is firm in consistency and firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone. We are committed to exceeding expectations, and provide the highest level of dental care, to achieve the ultimate goal of optimal oral health for all of our patients. • Based on the functional criteria, Gingiva is classified under Masticatory mucosa. 3. For detailed study of the relation- thinning of the epithelium and decreasing keratinisation, are also ship between age and quantitative changes in the gingiva, more described to cause loss of gingival stippling Papic … Bergström J. The attached gingiva extends from the free gingiva coronal to the alveolar mucosa. Dental Histology - Gingiva. the part of the gums between marginal gingiva (free gingival Periodontal disease, one of the most frequently occurring disor- groove if present) and muco-gingival junction that is attached to ders in dogs (Kyllar and Witter, 2005), affects the supportive struc- the alveolar bone (Feneis, 1952; Avery, 1994).